Finnish windmill terminology Finnish–English; compiled by Auvo Hirsjärvi 1971.
| Finnish | English | Notes | ||
| Rural term | Standard language term | Corresponding term | Literal translation | |
| Mamselimylly | Smock mill | ‘Mademoiselle’ mill | ||
| Kehäsiipimylly | Spider mill | Circular wing mill | ||
| Runko | Tower | Trunk | ||
| Parveke | Stage | Balcony | Only at Turku mill | |
| Hattu | Cap | Hat | ||
| Tuuliviiri | Wind–vane | Wind pennant | ||
| Rata | Curb | Track | ||
| Rullalaakeri | Roller | Roller bearing | ||
| Rulla | Roller | Roller | ||
| Häntä | Tailpole | Tail | ||
| Siipi pl. siivet | Sail pl. sails | Wing pl. wings | ||
| Raakapuu | Stock | Yardtree | ||
| Armi | Stock | Arm | ||
| Kara pl. karat | Bar | Rod | ||
| Siipilapa | Stock | Arm | ||
| Portti | (no comparable term in English) | Gate | Opening at the sail, made of board | |
| Siipiluukku | (no comparable term in English) | Wing hatch | Detachable lid of a gate–hole | |
| Reunapuu | Hemlath | Rim tree | ||
| Ristikkosiipi | Common sail | Trellis wing | ||
| Seilit | Sail cloths | Sails | Made of canvas | |
| Väkikela | Hand winch | Power winch | Vesunti mill, inside the cap | |
| Vääntökanki | Handspike | Winding bar | Vesunti mill, inside the cap. This is not the tailpole but one of those sturdy staffs with which the little inside winch, used to turn the millcap, was operated. | |
| Siipitukki | Windshaft | Wing log | ||
| Nokka | Poll end | Beak | The front part of the windshaft projecting outside | |
| Naamataulu | (no comparable term in English) | Face board | The big circular wooden disc to which the sails are fastened. Metsämaa and Seinäjoki Mamsel mills. More often met at the S. Bothnian magpie mills | |
| Kaula | Neck journal | Neck | ||
| Kaularaudat | Neck strips | Neck irons | The iron strips let into the windshaft at the neck journal | |
| Perätappi | Tail journal | Rear pin | ||
| Kaulalaakeri | Neck bearing | Neck bearing | ||
| Perälaakeri | Tail bearing | Rear bearing | ||
| Laakeripenkki | Tail beam | Bearing bench | A crossbeam at the rear wall supporting the rear bearing | |
| Kivilaakeri | Stone bearing | Made of stone | ||
| Makaukset | Pillow blocks | Lairs | The sites of the windshaft bearings | |
| Liuvut | Blocks | Glides | The sites of the windshaft bearings | |
| Siipiratas | Brake wheel | Wing wheel | ||
| Hammasratas | Brake wheel | Tooth (cog) wheel | ||
| Jarru | Brake | Brake | ||
| Jarruvipu | Brake lever | |||
| Lyhty | Wallower | Lantern | ||
| (T)rälli | Wallower | Derivative from a Swedish term | ||
| Kalikat (pl.) | Staves | Clogs | For a lantern wheel | |
| Käsivarret (pl.) | Staves | Arms | For a geared wheel | |
| Rällipenkki | Tie beam | Wallower bench | Above the wallower | |
| Ylätamppi | Top bearing | Top bearing | Of the wallower | |
| Lyhdynvarsi | Upright shaft | Lantern shaft | ||
| Väkirauta | Quant | Power iron | The iron extension of the upright shaft | |
| Silmärauta | Quant | Eye iron | The iron extension of the upright shaft | |
| Koura | Crotch | Grip, the inside of the human hand | The forked end of the quant | |
| Kartiohammaspyörä | Bevelled wheel = wallower | Conical tooth-wheel | ||
| Kitkapyörä | Friction wheel | Friction wheel | ||
| Vekseliratas | Great spur wheel | Gear wheel | ||
| Vekseliakseli | Upright shaft | Gear shaft | (of the Great spur wheel) | |
| Lyhty | Stone nut | Lantern | ||
| Säkkilavo | Sack floor | Sack platform | ||
| Kaha | Hopper | Funnel | ||
| Porsas | Shoe | Piglet | ||
| Rintalauta | Gate | Breast board | ||
| Karistin | Trail–stick | Shaker | Wooden rod moved by the runner stone and thus conducting the grain into the eye. Does the Turku mill have real damsels? | |
| Säkkiluukku | Sack trap | Sack hatch | ||
| Säkinnostokela | Sackhoist winch | Sackhoist winch | ||
| Säkinnostopyörä | Sackhoist wheel | Sackhoist wheel | ||
| Kivilavo | Stone floor | Stone platform | ||
| Kivet sing. kivi | Stones | Stones | ||
| Yläkivi | Runner stone | Upper stone | ||
| Alakivi | Bed stone | Lower stone | ||
| Silmä | Eye | Eye | ||
| Rihlat | Furrows | Rifles | ||
| Kuurnat | Furrows | Grooves | ||
| Siili | Rynd | Sieve | ||
| Pussi | Hackle box | Pouch | ||
| Tyyny | Hackle box | Pillow | ||
| Naparauta | Stone spindle | Navel iron | The spindle below the stones, penetrates the hedgehog | |
| Kahna | Casing, vat | |||
| Jauhotorvi | Meal spout | Meal pipe | ||
| Sammakko | Spindle bearing | Frog | Iron pan in the ‘frog bench’ = Bridge beam, supporting the spindle and acting as a bearing | |
| Sammakkopenkki | Bridge tree | Frog bench | To raise the runner stone | |
| Hammaskiila | Many height | Tooth wedge | Widen block used when raising the runner stone | |
| Kiila | Wedge | Wedge | Thin wooden block used as above | |
| Hammasveto | Gear drive | Tooth pull/drive | ||
| Hihnaveto | Belt drive | Belt pull/drive | ||
| Kitkaveto | Friction drive | Friction pull/drive | ||
| Seulominen | Dressing of meal | Sieving | ||
| Seula | Sieve | Sieve | ||
| Takominen | Dressing of stones | Beating | ||
| Tikka | Stone pick | woodpecker |
